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Citizenship Hub

Best passports to obtain

A "second passport" score that balances how strong the passport is (travel freedom) with how attainable the citizenship is (descent, naturalisation time, dual-citizenship rules, and fees).

Methodology: 50% mobility (normalised) + 50% ease of acquisition. Indicative only not legal advice.

# Passport Region Mobility Ease Overall Why it's attainable
1
MT Malta
Europe 99 92 96 Descent · Citizenship by investment · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
2
PT Portugal
Europe 99 75 87 Descent · Grandparent descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation · 3 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship
3
IT Italy
Europe 98 70 84 Descent · No generation limit · Golden visa · 10 yr naturalisation · 2 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship
4
KN Saint Kitts and Nevis
Americas 91 77 84 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
5
VC Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Americas 91 77 84 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
6
AG Antigua and Barbuda
Americas 90 77 84 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
7
BG Bulgaria
Europe 98 67 83 Descent · 3-gen descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
8
US United States
Americas 96 70 83 Descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation · 3 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship
9
GD Grenada
Americas 88 77 83 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
10
LC Saint Lucia
Americas 88 77 83 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
11
GR Greece
Europe 99 65 82 Descent · No generation limit · Golden visa · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
12
HU Hungary
Europe 99 65 82 Descent · No generation limit · Golden visa · 8 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
13
IE Ireland
Europe 99 65 82 Descent · Grandparent descent · 5 yr naturalisation · 3 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship · No language test
14
CA Canada
Americas 97 67 82 Descent · Golden visa · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
15
DM Dominica
Americas 87 77 82 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
16
LU Luxembourg
Europe 99 62 81 Descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
17
PL Poland
Europe 99 63 81 Descent · No generation limit · 5 yr naturalisation · 3 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship
18
LV Latvia
Europe 99 62 81 Descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
19
SG Singapore
Asia 99 57 78 Descent · Golden visa · 2 yr naturalisation
20
DE Germany
Europe 98 57 78 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · 3 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship
21
CY Cyprus
Europe 98 57 78 Descent · Golden visa · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
22
SE Sweden
Europe 99 54 77 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship · No language test
23
ES Spain
Europe 99 52 76 Descent · Golden visa · 10 yr naturalisation · 1 yr via marriage
24
CH Switzerland
Europe 99 52 76 Descent · Golden visa · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
25
FR France
Europe 98 53 76 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · 4 yr via marriage · Dual citizenship
26
NZ New Zealand
Oceania 98 54 76 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship · No language test
27
TR Türkiye
Asia 75 77 76 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
28
NL Netherlands
Europe 99 50 75 Descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation
29
HR Croatia
Europe 99 50 75 Descent · No generation limit · 8 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
30
BE Belgium
Europe 98 49 74 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
31
AR Argentina
Americas 95 52 74 Descent · 2 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
32
FI Finland
Europe 99 47 73 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
33
CZ Czechia
Europe 98 47 73 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
34
AU Australia
Oceania 98 47 73 Descent · 4 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
35
UY Uruguay
Americas 92 52 72 Descent · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
36
NO Norway
Europe 99 42 71 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
37
GB United Kingdom
Europe 96 45 71 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
38
BB Barbados
Americas 95 47 71 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
39
CL Chile
Americas 95 47 71 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
40
BR Brazil
Americas 94 47 71 Descent · 4 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
41
PE Peru
Americas 90 52 71 Descent · 2 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
42
PY Paraguay
Americas 89 52 71 Descent · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
43
AT Austria
Europe 99 40 70 Descent · Golden visa · 10 yr naturalisation
44
RO Romania
Europe 98 42 70 Descent · 8 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
45
IS Iceland
Europe 98 42 70 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
46
MY Malaysia
Asia 98 42 70 Descent · Golden visa · 10 yr naturalisation
47
MC Monaco
Europe 97 42 70 Descent · Golden visa · 10 yr naturalisation
48
MX Mexico
Americas 92 47 70 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
49
AE United Arab Emirates
Asia 100 37 69 Descent · Golden visa · Naturalisation restricted
50
JP Japan
Asia 98 40 69 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · No fee
51
IL Israel
Asia 91 47 69 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
52
SC Seychelles
Africa 90 47 69 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
53
RS Serbia
Europe 86 52 69 Descent · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
54
HN Honduras
Americas 86 52 69 Descent · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
55
DK Denmark
Europe 99 37 68 Descent · 9 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
56
SK Slovakia
Europe 99 37 68 Descent · 3-gen descent · 8 yr naturalisation
57
KR South Korea
Asia 98 37 68 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
58
PA Panama
Americas 89 47 68 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
59
LT Lithuania
Europe 98 35 67 Descent · No generation limit · 10 yr naturalisation
60
AD Andorra
Europe 94 39 67 Descent · Golden visa · 20 yr naturalisation
61
CR Costa Rica
Americas 91 42 67 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
62
MU Mauritius
Africa 87 47 67 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
63
GT Guatemala
Americas 87 47 67 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
64
CO Colombia
Americas 86 47 67 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
65
SV El Salvador
Americas 86 47 67 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
66
EE Estonia
Europe 99 32 66 Descent · 8 yr naturalisation
67
TT Trinidad and Tobago
Americas 90 42 66 Descent · 8 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
68
WS Samoa
Oceania 85 47 66 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
69
KI Kiribati
Oceania 85 47 66 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
70
NI Nicaragua
Americas 84 47 66 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
71
GE Georgia
Asia 83 47 65 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
72
NR Nauru
Oceania 63 67 65 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 5 yr naturalisation
73
VE Venezuela
Americas 80 47 64 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
74
AL Albania
Europe 80 47 64 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
75
SI Slovenia
Europe 99 27 63 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
76
UA Ukraine
Europe 88 37 63 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
77
SB Solomon Islands
Oceania 88 37 63 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
78
MK North Macedonia
Europe 84 42 63 Descent · 8 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
79
TV Tuvalu
Oceania 86 37 62 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
80
BA Bosnia and Herzegovina
Europe 82 42 62 Descent · 8 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
81
VU Vanuatu
Oceania 66 57 62 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 10 yr naturalisation
82
LI Liechtenstein
Europe 97 24 61 Descent · 30 yr naturalisation
83
ME Montenegro
Europe 85 37 61 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
84
TW Taiwan
Asia 84 37 61 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
85
RU Russia
Europe 74 47 61 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
86
EG Egypt
Africa 54 67 61 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
87
BS Bahamas
Americas 93 27 60 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
88
TO Tonga
Oceania 83 37 60 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
89
MH Marshall Islands
Oceania 83 37 60 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
90
PW Palau
Oceania 83 37 60 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
91
FM Micronesia
Oceania 82 37 60 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
92
KH Cambodia
Asia 57 62 60 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 7 yr naturalisation
93
HK Hong Kong
Asia 95 22 59 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
94
SM San Marino
Europe 94 24 59 Descent · 30 yr naturalisation
95
MD Moldova
Europe 80 37 59 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
96
EC Ecuador
Americas 65 52 59 Descent · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
97
BN Brunei
Asia 91 24 58 Descent · 15 yr naturalisation
98
ZA South Africa
Africa 69 47 58 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
99
BZ Belize
Americas 69 47 58 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
100
JM Jamaica
Americas 68 47 58 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
101
TH Thailand
Asia 64 52 58 Descent · Golden visa · 5 yr naturalisation
102
BO Bolivia
Americas 64 52 58 Descent · 3 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
103
XK Kosovo
Europe 67 47 57 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
104
FJ Fiji
Oceania 67 47 57 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
105
DO Dominican Republic
Americas 60 52 56 Descent · 2 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
106
MO Macau
Asia 87 22 55 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
107
TL Timor-Leste
Asia 73 37 55 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
108
JO Jordan
Asia 54 54 54 Descent · Citizenship by investment · 15 yr naturalisation
109
GH Ghana
Africa 58 47 53 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
110
CV Cape Verde
Africa 58 47 53 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
111
GY Guyana
Americas 66 37 52 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
112
AM Armenia
Asia 58 45 52 Descent · No generation limit · 5 yr naturalisation
113
GM Gambia
Africa 57 47 52 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
114
TN Tunisia
Africa 57 47 52 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
115
SN Senegal
Africa 56 47 52 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
116
BJ Benin
Africa 56 47 52 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
117
ST São Tomé and Príncipe
Africa 56 47 52 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
118
ID Indonesia
Asia 64 37 51 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
119
CI Ivory Coast
Africa 55 47 51 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
120
SL Sierra Leone
Africa 54 47 51 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
121
TG Togo
Africa 54 47 51 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
122
BY Belarus
Europe 63 37 50 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
123
SR Suriname
Americas 62 37 50 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
124
KE Kenya
Africa 58 42 50 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
125
ML Mali
Africa 53 47 50 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
126
GW Guinea-Bissau
Africa 52 47 50 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
127
CF Central African Republic
Africa 52 47 50 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
128
HT Haiti
Americas 52 47 50 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
129
KZ Kazakhstan
Asia 61 37 49 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
130
MA Morocco
Africa 60 37 49 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
131
MN Mongolia
Asia 60 37 49 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
132
LB Lebanon
Asia 50 47 49 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
133
PG Papua New Guinea
Oceania 63 32 48 Descent · 8 yr naturalisation
134
SZ Eswatini
Africa 59 37 48 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
135
AZ Azerbaijan
Asia 59 37 48 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
136
LS Lesotho
Africa 59 37 48 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
137
MW Malawi
Africa 59 37 48 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
138
PH Philippines
Asia 59 37 48 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
139
KG Kyrgyzstan
Asia 58 37 48 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
140
QA Qatar
Asia 72 22 47 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
141
MV Maldives
Asia 67 27 47 Descent · 12 yr naturalisation
142
TZ Tanzania
Africa 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
143
UZ Uzbekistan
Asia 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
144
CU Cuba
Americas 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
145
VN Vietnam
Asia 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
146
ZM Zambia
Africa 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
147
UG Uganda
Africa 56 37 47 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
148
MG Madagascar
Africa 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
149
TJ Tajikistan
Asia 56 37 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
150
BD Bangladesh
Asia 47 47 47 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
151
ZW Zimbabwe
Africa 55 37 46 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
152
RW Rwanda
Africa 55 37 46 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
153
MZ Mozambique
Africa 55 37 46 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
154
BF Burkina Faso
Africa 55 37 46 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
155
GN Guinea
Africa 55 37 46 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
156
MR Mauritania
Africa 54 37 46 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
157
VA Vatican City
Europe 88 2 45 Naturalisation restricted
158
KW Kuwait
Asia 67 22 45 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
159
PK Pakistan
Asia 47 42 45 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
160
SY Syria
Asia 42 47 45 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation · Dual citizenship
161
SA Saudi Arabia
Asia 65 22 44 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
162
OM Oman
Asia 63 24 44 Descent · 20 yr naturalisation
163
DZ Algeria
Africa 56 32 44 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation
164
CM Cameroon
Africa 51 37 44 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
165
LR Liberia
Africa 51 37 44 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
166
ET Ethiopia
Africa 51 37 44 Descent · 4 yr naturalisation
167
LK Sri Lanka
Asia 50 37 44 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
168
ER Eritrea
Africa 50 37 44 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
169
BH Bahrain
Asia 64 22 43 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
170
NA Namibia
Africa 59 27 43 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
171
BW Botswana
Africa 59 27 43 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
172
IN India
Asia 59 27 43 Descent · 12 yr naturalisation
173
TM Turkmenistan
Asia 54 32 43 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation
174
IR Iran
Asia 48 37 43 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
175
CN China
Asia 61 22 42 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
176
GA Gabon
Africa 56 27 42 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
177
YE Yemen
Asia 46 37 42 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
178
GQ Equatorial Guinea
Africa 54 27 41 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
179
LA Laos
Asia 54 27 41 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
180
AO Angola
Africa 53 27 40 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
181
NE Niger
Africa 53 27 40 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
182
KM Comoros
Africa 53 27 40 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
183
DJ Djibouti
Africa 53 27 40 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
184
PS Palestine
Asia 47 32 40 Descent · Naturalisation restricted · Dual citizenship
185
AF Afghanistan
Asia 43 37 40 Descent · 5 yr naturalisation
186
BT Bhutan
Asia 55 22 39 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
187
CG Congo
Africa 51 27 39 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
188
BI Burundi
Africa 51 27 39 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
189
SO Somalia
Africa 45 32 39 Descent · 7 yr naturalisation
190
TD Chad
Africa 52 24 38 Descent · 15 yr naturalisation
191
NP Nepal
Asia 52 24 38 Descent · 15 yr naturalisation
192
LY Libya
Africa 49 27 38 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
193
SS South Sudan
Africa 49 27 38 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
194
CD DR Congo
Africa 49 27 38 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
195
SD Sudan
Africa 48 27 38 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
196
MM Myanmar
Asia 52 22 37 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
197
IQ Iraq
Asia 46 27 37 Descent · 10 yr naturalisation
198
KP North Korea
Asia 49 22 36 Descent · Naturalisation restricted
199
NG Nigeria
Africa 48 24 36 Descent · 15 yr naturalisation

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